How to take someone's pulse
Blood is moved around your body by a pumping action of the heart. At
certain points of the body you can feel a pulse, which tells you how regular the pumping action is.
The easiest place to feel a pulse is on the wrist. Place
your fingers just below the thumb joint on the wrist of your other hand. Move your fingers around until you find the pulse,
and then count the number of beats in 30 seconds. Multiply the number by two: this gives the rate per minute. The average
adult pulse rate when resting is 60-80 beats per minute. The rate in children is higher: between 90-100 beats a minute. The
rate varies from person to person. The main reason for taking a pulse is to see that it is regular and strong.
Shock
Some degree of shock occurs after an accident. Watch the injured
person for signs of shock, even if the injury is minor..
Here is what signs to look out for.... Pale face, Feeling cold, Sweaty skin, Fast breathing, Rapid and Weak pulse, Feeling sick, Seeming
anxious or Vague
Nose Bleed
Nose bleeds can be caused by a bad cold or a hit on the nose. Sit down with
your head forwards so that the blood does not run down your throat. Pinch the nostrils just below the bony part of the nose
for about 15 minutes. Breathe through your mouth and do not blow your nose for a few hours. If the bleeding won't stop, see
the doctor.
Signalling
for help
Shouting is not the best way to get help but if someone is injured and you think
that there is help nearby, cup your hands around your mouth and shout "Cooee". This sound will travel further than a short
cry like help. You can also make signals with objects that can be left on show or a signal that can be repeated at regular
intervals; they should have a specific meaning. Don't waste torch batteries or fuel-you may need them later. Shadow writing...
SOS is the best-known distress message. Mark SOS out on
the ground by pilling earth, stones, leaves and clothes in the shape of the letters as big as possible so that pilot's can
identify your position.
Making a Stretcher
To make a stretcher, turn two coats or jackets inside out, so that the sleeves
are inside and button them up. Pass two strong poles (tent poles would be ideal) through the sleeves of the coats. Test your
home made stretcher before carrying anyone on it, but always remember to never move anyone that is seriously injured
because you could do more damage than good.
